LLMs & Generative AITop pick
How ChatGPT and Claude Are Actually Built: The 5-Stage AI Training Pipeline Explained
ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini and Llama all come out of the same AI training pipeline: data cleaning, tokenization, pre-training, supervised fine-tuning and preference tuning with RLHF, Constitutional AI or DPO. This guide explains each stage using OpenAI's and Anthropic's own descriptions and the key research papers. We then ran the whole pipeline ourselves on a CPU, with real numbers, charts and code.
23 min read